列车牵引制动指令冲突故障分析及改进措施

北京地铁16号线列车运行过程中发生牵引制动指令冲突故障,通过对车辆牵引制动指令的输出和读入原理的梳理,分析总结了导致牵引制动指令冲突故障发生的原因,改进了电路设计,排除了故障,消除了车辆由此设计带来的安全隐患。     

基于全数检验与定时截尾试验的地铁列车整车可靠性验收方法

提出地铁列车可靠性验收的基本条件,分别介绍了基于定时截尾试验、序贯截尾试验和全数检验的3种经典的可靠性验收方法;提出基于全数检验和定时截尾试验的地铁列车整车可靠性验收方法,设计了可靠性验收的流程;以某一具体项目为例,对该可靠性验收方法进行了验证。结果证明:基于全数检验与定时截尾试验的地铁列车整车可靠性验收方法是有效的,可以节省试验时间。     

海洋核动力平台全频段舱室噪声预报与降噪方案研究

随着新规范对船舶及海上工作平台提出了更高要求，舱室噪声的控制及优化设计越来越受到人们的关注。本文首先对全频段舱室噪声预报软件——VA One软件统计能量分析理论及软件概况进行了阐述，其次应用该软件对海洋核动力平台进行几何建模与仿真计算。通过对舱室仿真计算结果与标准指标要求的对比分析，在设计阶段提出了海洋核动力平台舱室空气噪声综合治理降噪方案，该措施可以缩短建造周期、降低制造成本，提高海洋核动力平台的舒适性与安全性，具有十分重要的经济效益和社会效益。     

Artificial forces for virtual autonomous ships with encountering situations in restricted waters

ABSTRACT

Even if the same two ships operate in the same encountering situation, the actual strategies and timing of operations may be different. Therefore, the fixed collision avoidance trajectory and ship movements are no longer suitable for simulating the real ship behaviour. This paper tries to develop an artificial intelligent system that fully sensitive to the local circumstances and command a ship in virtual environment. Based on AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, this study has developed artificial forces which help decision makings on-board independently under different situations and catching the stochastic nature of ship behaviours during collision avoidances manoeuvring. Actual ship tracks are helpful for ascertaining the parameters that contribute to artificial forces in collision avoidances, while the correlation coefficient analysis is helpful to distinguish the parameters. This study will help to develop a navigation traffic simulation to reflect the realistic ship behaviour and provide reliable information for port and waterway planning, risk analysis, and mitigation measures. The method can be used in developing algorithms for autonomous ships. The method introduced in this study lays a foundation for developing artificial forces at intersections or bends, although the model is only applicable in straight channels at the moment.     

基于南方CASS软件的土方量计算方法

威海内海吹填工程主要施工内容是采用吹砂挤淤方式进行吹填，吹填区吹填完成后采用机械压实。在施工过程中须多次对吹填区进行进度测量，涉及土方量的计算频率较高。为保证工程土方量的计算准确，将南方CASS软件的不同土方量计算方法进行对比，并结合工程实际情况分析选择合理的计算方法，从而为工程质量和进度控制提供依据。结果表明，选择合适的计算方法不仅能够准确地计算土方量，还能形象地反映现场的实际情况。     

A signal decomposition method based on repeated extraction of maximum energy component for offshore structures

Contrary to most signal decomposition methods that usually decompose an original signal into a series of components simultaneously, a novel approach based on repeated extraction of Maximum Energy Component (MEC) is proposed. The approach starts from determination of the MEC referring to the estimated Power Spectral Density (PSD) function, and then represents the MEC by employing an exponential function to fit the original signal. By defining a stopping criterion based on two adjacent estimated PSDs, each MEC can be accurately extracted with an improved performance throughout the entire signal decomposition. To verify the proposed method, a single degree-of-freedom system subject to harmonic loads has been examined. Numerical results show that the analytical response can not only be decomposed into four MECs corresponding to the excitation and the system, respectively, but also provide an accurate estimation of natural frequency and damping ratio of the system. Meanwhile, by observing results from the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Prony based on state-space model (Prony-SS), an improved decomposition accuracy has been achieved from the proposed approach. Furthermore, experimental data from the Norwegian Deepwater Programme and two sets of field-test data from one fixed offshore platform and an offshore wind turbine have been used to demonstrate the correctness of the developed signal decomposition method. It is noted that divergence in results by Prony-SS can be observed when a very large model order is used, while the proposed method provides the better decomposition and reconstruction of signals.     

某车型仪表板横梁模态分析与优化

仪表板横梁在设计过程中需要考虑模态,避让发动机怠速工况的固有频率,解决怠速工况方向盘抖动问题,通过CAE分析改进仪表板横梁垂直支架结构,加强其与白车身上下方向的固定点,改善仪表板横梁总成模态。     

诱导信息下城市轨道交通乘客路径选择行为研究

为研究城市轨道交通诱导信息对乘客的影响，考虑信息提供时间、方式、更新频率及其与 路径属性之间的交互关系，提出融合诱导信息的城市轨道交通乘客路径选择行为决策框架。考 虑乘客在决策时表现出遵循混合决策规则的倾向差异和不同属性感知差异，建立改进的混合效用-后悔模型。将路径属性与诱导信息同时纳入调研情景设计，基于调研结果标定模型中关键参数，结果表明，基于混合决策规则的模型拟合效果最高(调整优度比达0.396)。进一步分析乘客对信息的偏好：相较于下载手机APP，乘客更喜欢社交媒体推送的形式接收诱导信息；引入信息推送频率时间价值，并对比得出，女性、中老年及非通勤乘客更倾向于接受更高频率的诱导信息推送服务；分析各属性弹性值，表明诱导信息提供方式和更新频率应作为管理者的辅助手段，在特定场景下(例如高峰拥堵和突发事故)诱导信息将会发挥更大的作用。研究揭示了诱导信息提供方式如何影响轨道交通乘客的路径决策机理，有助于设计更加精准和高效的诱导信息策略辅助客流组织管理。     

含初始变形船体加筋板有效宽度及剩余极限强度研究

为了评估舰船结构损伤后的剩余强度,对船体加筋板出现初始几何变形后,参与总纵强度的有效宽度和加筋板剩余极限强度进行研究。将加筋板受到垂直于平面压力后的变形,作为其初始几何变形,改变变形的方向和大小,利用有限元软件Ansys对加筋板结构进行线性和非线性分析。定义了板有效宽度计算方法,对不同变形方向和变形幅值时板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度进行对比分析,并拟合得到了计算板有效宽度和加筋板极限强度的经验公式。结果表明,初始几何变形会削弱加筋板结构的强度。在对损伤后船体结构强度进行分析和校核时,提出的经验公式可以直接用来计算板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度。